Our Work in the Americas

The Americas Area Program at Heifer International was formed in December 2005 after merging the former Latin America/Caribbean and North America Programs.

The Americas Program supports families and communities with a people-centered agricultural model in which the family’s production is aimed at improving their nutrition. Our program works to support small-scale farmers, and the interconnections between humankind and nature are based on respect and reciprocity.

The Heifer USA Program has undergone a programmatic shift and currently focuses on food systems in high-need regions of the Arkansas Delta and Appalachia.

Help support our work in the Americas:

Subscribe to our Americas RSS feed.

Read more about our success in the Americas below and on our Success Stories page.


View the map of our projects in North America.


View the map of our projects in Central America.


View the map of our projects in South America.

Coming To A Mailbox Near You

It’s that time again. The latest edition of World Ark should be hitting mailboxes around the country.

The August issue is chock-full of interesting facts and figures, gorgeous photography and an article all about grasscutters. Don’t know what a grasscutter is? Check out the story about the new livestock that is making farmers in Ghana very successful.

Or dive into one of our Heifergraphics on water usage. You might be surprised to know that it takes A LOT more water to brew a gallon of coffee than it does to brew a gallon of tea, for example.

You can also visit the highlands of Peru through this issue. Writer Brooke Edwards tells how Heifer has helped diversify the alpaca population in the Andean mountains aided by some stunning photography by Dave Anderson.

So be on the lookout for your copy. If you don’t get World Ark in the mail, never fear! Our online page-turner edition can be accessed with the click of your mouse.

Happy reading!

Heifer Haiti Distributes Food to Hurricane Sandy Victims

Last Friday we posted about emergency efforts that were underway to help the people of Haiti affected by Hurricane Sandy.

Yesterday, Heifer Haiti’s Country Director, Hervil Cherubin, let us know that the food distribution was a success. More than 400 food packages were given out to families who needed help in the wake of the storm. Cherubin said Heifer Haiti also helped provide food to Haitians who are physically challenged.

The distribution took place in Solon (a community in Saint Louis du Sud) where Heifer Haiti has a rabbit project and various communities in Les Cayes where the office is located.

It was the first of Heifer Haiti’s planned efforts to provide emergency aid. While Heifer does not specialize in short-term relief but rather in long-term sustainable solutions, our Heifer Haiti colleagues and participants need your continued help. Please consider donating to our Disaster Rehabilitation Fund so we can provide the best assistance possible and help equip families with the means to help deal with future disasters.

An Ode to Bolivia

This monkey named Boris chased chickens and stole sun-dried beef in the village of San Jose del Cavitu, so the locals now keep him as a pet. Boris is well cared for, but will happily pickpocket strangers given the chance. Photo by Jason Woods

I’ll hedge and say that it could have something to do with jet lag, or changes in altitude, or even something in the water, but anytime I visit a new country where Heifer works, auspices of magic immediately distract and I spend much of my trip wondering if, perhaps, I’m hallucinating. It’s never anything ghostly or alarming, just sights so surreal that I’m bewitched, amazed, delighted. Is there such thing as a traveler’s high?

My first surprise, upon landing in Santa Cruz, was the flurry of kisses that didn’t let up the entire 9-day trip. The customary Bolivian greeting between two women or a man and a woman is a kiss on the cheek. It’s a bit awkward at first, but who can quibble with such a charming welcome? Far superior to a handshake, in my book.

Clusters of butterflies gather on roadsides and on trails in the Amazon region of Bolivia. Photo by Jason Woods

And then, consider the capybara. These squee-worthy creatures populate the roadsides and riverbanks of the Bolivian Amazon. The world’s largest rodent, capybaras look like sleek, super-sized guinea pigs and can grow up to 100 pounds. When startled, capybaras emit kazoo-like sounds and immediately belly flop into the nearest body of water. Seriously! Neither I nor my travel companions managed to snap any capybara photos, leaving me to question, in retrospect, whether such an adorable creature actually exists.

We were further enchanted by the pink dolphins splashing in the rivers and the parrots and toucans flying overhead. “Is that an emu?” I asked our driver as we zipped down a muddy road. Turns out it was a rhea, a giant bird native to South America that can reach up to 90 pounds and nearly six feet tall.

Monkeys whooped at us from the trees as we sped by on motorbikes, headed to the shadowy chocolate forest where giant blue butterflies looped through the trees. Did you know that the juicy white fruits inside chocolate pods turn a bright purple when you chew them? I must report, however, that the charm of the chocolate forest ebbed under attack from the clouds of mosquitoes that nibbled our faces and left bloody specks on our clothes. We were also under siege from chiggers, although we didn’t realize that until hours later when we peeled off our socks.

But back to the kisses. The best part of the trip, of course, was the people we met. The purpose of our visit was to chronicle the work and progress of Heifer project participants who are amping up chocolate harvests, protecting the forests and working together to process cocoa at high quality and large quantities to secure good prices. They’re doing a pretty phenomenal job of it. This success story will appear in World Ark magazine later this year, although I may give a few glimpses of their work on this blog before then.

Hilaria Moye of San Jose Del Cavitu displays the skull of a jaguar her husband killed while out hunting. Photo by Jason Woods

Pastel dolphins and snuggly rodents aside, Bolivia is a real place with real challenges. Our visit was limited to the lowlands of Bolivia, where wild fruit is abundant and starchy crops like corn, yucca and rice grow easily, but malnutrition is still a problem because protein and nutrient-rich vegetables are harder to secure. Jobs outside the agriculture sector are rare, so incomes are low to non-existent. Some of the project participants are prosperous enough to live in houses made of bricks, but others live under palm thatch roofs held up by sticks.

The tools Bolivians have to overcome these hardships are a culture built on community and a fruitful ecosystem that can provide ample food and incomes if it’s well protected.

Elizabeth Franco Rodriguez, the president of the chocolate gatherer’s group in northeastern Bolivia’s Jasiaquiri village, is well aware of both her country’s charms and challenges. The hot, hard work of chocolate harvesting isn’t so great when you come home covered in ticks, or when the mosquitoes infect you with dengue fever, she said. But it’s a family event, and she usually brings children, nieces and nephews along. At her home, shared with extended family, everyone stays busy. Chocolate seeds ferment in the sun, children grind yucca to make starch, and Rodriguez’s sister-in-law makes cheese in the breezeway. But that evening, when the work is done, the whole family will go into the nearby town of Baures to spend a couple of hours mingling and resting in the plaza, along with hundreds of others. It’s back to the forest to harvest chocolate again the next day, and the mosquitoes would no doubt be waiting. Rodriguez never complained.

“I just find it so exotic and beautiful,” I told her as we tromped through vines and underbrush. The translator conferred with Rodriguez, and she nodded. “She says yes, it’s that way for us, too.”

Check out this tree trunk covered in thorns. Amazing! Photo by Jason Woods

Heifer Honduras Helping Women-led Small Business

Falguni Vyas is traveling with Heifer CEO Pierre Ferrari this week visiting projects in Honduras and Guatemala.

Belen-Ocotepeque in Santa Rosa-Belen, Honduras, sits just off a winding, bumpy road high in the Honduran hills. This small, rural community is home to 10 women entrepreneurs who, two years ago, started a small business canning vegetables and preserving jellies to sell at market to supplement their income. These women come together about once a month to prepare their Pitillo brand products for the market. They sell locally and will sometimes take the early morning, two-and-a-half-hour-long bus ride to San Pedro Sula, one of Honduras’ largest cities, to sell at a larger market.

The group of 10 women who started a business canning vegetables and preserving jellies.

The group of  women who started a business canning vegetables and preserving jellies with Heifer CEO Pierre Ferrari and Vice President of the Americans Oscar Castaneda.

On the outside, it looks as though the conditions are perfect for a such a venture. Pickled vegetables are a popular condiment in Honduras, and there are no other competitors in Belen. However, there is not enough demand for each of the women in the co-op to make a significant contribution to their household’s monthly income. The co-op was founded to serve as a means to augment the families’ main source of income, which comes from coffee laboring during the harvest season—from October to January. But with low demand combined with low profit (each jar costs about $2.50 to produce and sells for $3) the co-op members realized they need to get creative and seek out opportunities for their pickles and preserves to bring in the revenue they need.

Last year the co-op applied to put the Pitillo product line into supermarkets across Honduras. This is a lengthy process with many steps. First, a bar-code is needed for the labels, requiring lots of paperwork. Then, the co-op must pass a sanitation and health inspection. Lastly comes another six to seven months of paperwork, meaning the process could take several years.

While the co-op waits to hear a response on their application, they are discussing ideas for diversification. They already supplement the pickled vegetables and jellies with fresh produce at market but know that they can do more. In a meeting today between co-op members, Heifer Honduras and Heifer International staff, these women leaders had the opportunity to talk through ideas and brainstorm marketing concepts that will take their Pitillo jellies and pickles from small supplementary income to major contributor to the security and stability of their families’ livelihoods.

Right now, if you give to projects in Honduras and Guatemala, your donation could be matched dollar-for-dollar. Help other women just like those in Belen-Ocotepeque.

 

Malaria=Poverty=Malaria

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Today is World Malaria Day, which might have slipped your mind. That’s understandable. The United States eradicated malaria in 1951, and unless you’ve done much traveling it’s probably never topped your list of things to worry about. But for half the world’s population, the 3.3 billion people threatened by the deadly mosquito-borne illness every day, malaria isn’t so easy to forget.

Malaria symptoms include fever, headache, chills, vomiting, anemia and respiratory distress. Children infected with the disease are extremely vulnerable because they haven’t had time to develop any level of immunity.

Malaria is a mean disease that preys on the poor and the innocent. In 2010, 90 percent of all malaria deaths occurred in sub-Saharan Africa, the region of our planet that’s home to the highest proportion of undernourished people. Poor people with limited resources and limited access to health care often can’t afford housing with screened windows and doors to protect them from infected mosquitoes. And once infected, people suffering from malaria lose work days and the paychecks that go along with them, deepening their poverty. This is a handicap faced by countless Heifer project participants who can find themselves incapacitated by malaria multiple times each year.

Most deaths from malaria claim children under the age of 5. That means that every single minute of the day, a child dies of malaria. Pregnant women also face heightened risk.These numbers will knock the breath out of you, but luckily they’re better than they used to be. Malaria mortality rates have fallen by more than 25 percent since 2000. And with continued use of mosquito nets and insecticides, the hope is that the disease will continue to loosen its grasp.

The theme for World Malaria Day 2013 is “Invest in the future. Defeat malaria.” The disease still kills 660,000 people each year, according to the World Health Organization. But not everyone agrees on the numbers, and in fact, the Seattle-based Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation puts the death toll at 1.2 million per year. I know that number will be stuck in my head for a while.

Happily, we know that bed nets, insecticides and improved housing can slow or stop the spread of malaria. We also know how to treat it. It’s just a question of resources. If, after reading this, you’re having a hard time getting malaria off your mind, visit the WHO’s World Malaria Day 2013 website to learn more.

Double Your Impact To Multiply Income

This month, you can double your impact with a donation for families like Maria Elsa’s in Honduras.

Maria is the President of Empresa Asociativa Maranonera del Sur (Southern Cashew Enterprise Association) – a project promoting entrepreneurial activities and providing rural women with additional income. After working on their own for 21 years, the women saw things begin to change in 2005 when 22 families received heifers from Heifer International. In 2009, they received chickens and have completed two rounds of Passing on the Gift®.

Maria Elsa

Photo by Russell Powell, courtesy of Heifer International

Seeing the positive results from these first two projects, the women wanted to try something a bit more ambitious. “We wanted something more to do to generate more income,” Maria said. From this, the Southern Cashew Enterprise Association was born. Heifer provided the materials and hired builders to construct the storage rooms and ovens for this cashew enterprise, while the community provided the labor. Heifer provided 200 cashew tree seedlings, and helped the women to market their cashews.

In 2012, a drought destroyed most of the corn harvest. The cashew business, however, along with the ability to sell eggs and milk from their livestock, provided additional income for the families in Maria’s village. Maria gets almost four gallons of milk a day; she uses one gallon for her family and sells the rest.

The family is grateful to have received the cow. Victoriano Gonzalez, Maria’s husband, said, “I never expected to see a cow in my yard and now we have four.”

Maria and her family

Photo by Russell Powell, courtesy of Heifer International

Along with the animal gifts, project participants received a variety of trainings including marketing, gender equity, jelly production, chicken and cattle feed production and Heifer’s 12 Cornerstones for Just and Sustainable Development. Now, while the women work, their husbands have taken over more of the household chores.

“Now our husbands bring us food while we are working,” Maria said. She’s excited about the opportunity to pass on her training and her animal’s first newborn to another community member. “Passing on the Gift® is a chain that multiplies and won’t be broken. I was so happy when I received my cow. I imagined that other women would feel the same.”

For Maria and her family, the biggest improvement has been to their diet. Before becoming involved in the Heifer project, their typical meal consisted of beans and rice. They could only buy eggs twice a week. “Now we have more chickens so we don’t have to buy eggs,” she said. Milk was also hard to get, but now they have milk and can use it to make cheese.

Maria, whose children are grown, lives with two of her grandchildren. “They help feed the chickens, carry water and clean the pens,” she said. Maria and Victoriano hope their grandchildren have a better life. “I want them to continue their studies until they are professionals. They are very intelligent.”

Double your impact in Honduras

Maria’s grandkids, Elmer and Lisbe, help take care of the animals.
Photo by Russell Powell, courtesy of Heifer International

Heifer’s past successes show that projects like this make a widespread and lasting difference. In 2008, Western Michigan University Evaluation Center conducted an independent evaluation of Heifer’s work in Honduras. It said that Heifer International in Honduras has had a significant positive impact on the communities in which it operates, empowering people at the family and community level.

Your donation this month will be matched dollar-for-dollar to support food security, better nutrition and women’s empowerment for a new project in Lempira, Honduras, thanks to a generous benefactor and international partners. To maximize this match, we need to raise at least $831,000 from generous supporters like you.

Click here to donate and help families to improve their lives.

Last Chance to Win a Trip to Peru

Today’s the day – the deadline to enter Garnet Hill’s Pass on the Gift in Peru Sweepstakes.

The grand prize winner will get an all-inclusive trip for two to the ancient Incan Empire capital of Cuzco. For seven days, they will work hand in hand with Heifer to foster sustainable development in the community while experiencing the country’s colorful culture through exclusive guided tours.

Heifer International - Alpacas in Peru

The trip includes an introduction to Heifer International’s alpaca projects in the Andean region near Cuzco. The winner will participate in and learn about all facets of alpaca care including feeding, tending to pasture and the business associated with the sale of their exceptionally soft wool to make blankets, ponchos, hats and carpets which ensures a sustainable way of life for struggling families.

For Heifer International, development is about creating a world free of hunger and poverty, where families in need thrive under their own energy and entrepreneurial spirit—on their own terms. Heifer International began activities in Peru in 1963 and its partnership with Garnet Hill began in 2009.

To learn more or to enter the Pass on the Gift® in Peru Sweepstakes, you can visit garnethill.com.

Heifer Haiti Comes Together

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President and CEO Pierre Ferrari, meeting with full Haiti staff in Port au Prince office, on Friday said “we’re working hard to breed the best goats in Haiti.”

President and CEO Pierre Ferrari, in Port au Prince, Haiti, for an agricultural investment tour with President Bill Clinton and 19 other key players in development, met Friday with the Heifer Haiti staff for the first time in the office that just opened last month.

Staff from all three offices, including some who have been on the job only a couple of weeks, came together for introductions and brainstorming on how to work together as the Haiti REACH project powers up to help thousands of farm families throughout the country in the next five years.

“One of the things Heifer is most proud of is represented in this room,” Ferrari said to the assembled staff. “Look around and it’s all or mostly Haitians. If you go to our Kenya office it’s the same; the work is being done by Kenyans. It shows what the soul of this organization is, that we believe in and invest in the people in the countries we serve.”

Ferrari will spend several days meeting with and touring agricultural investment sites linked to Clinton Foundation work, including a visit to a North Coast Development farm on Sunday that will showcase a planned Heifer goat-breeding center as well as bee and honey operations.

Heifer Haiti staff meets in Port au Prince. Photo by Craig Renaud

 

Heifer’s CEO to Tour Haiti Ag Sites with President Clinton

Tomorrow (Friday) morning, Heifer President and CEO Pierre Ferrari will travel to Haiti to meet up with President Clinton and 19 other representatives of organizations and corporations investing in Haiti to tour exciting new projects in agriculture across the country.

Haitigoat

Photo by Geoff Oliver Bugbee

The Clinton Foundation states in its invitation that it has been working with the Government of Haiti and partners on the ground to help facilitate economic growth and job creation in a variety of priority sectors. The Haitian government has identified agriculture as key in these efforts as it holds strong potential for job creation, improved livelihoods, environmental recovery and food security.

“Revitalization of the agricultural sector is a critical component of the country’s long-term strategy for recovery,” the document says. “Development and the opportunities for growth and diversification are clear.”

The weekend trip is an opportunity to explore new opportunities to foster growth and investment and to also acknowledge efforts already in the works, such as Heifer International’s partnership with North Coast Development Corporation. The partners are launching a solar-powered drip irrigation project focusing on food production with the organization SELF, and will include one of Heifer’s goat breeding centers as part of the Clinton Global Initiative commitment REACH project to introduce better breeding stock, using sturdy Creole goats, into area communities. The project also includes an orchard of fruit and nut trees, sisal production and beekeeping and associated products.

The Clinton-led group will visit this project as part of the tour on Sunday, in United Nations helicopters.

Stay tuned for updates in the next week about the opportunities and relationships at work in this Clinton Foundation tour. Filmmaker Craig Renaud and World Ark writer Donna Stokes will be along for a few of the events and conversations to share details about this exciting opportunity for Heifer’s work in Haiti.

Last Week to Pass on the Gift in Peru with Garnet Hill

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Over the last few weeks, we’ve told you about a unique chance take a special trip and Pass on the Gift in Peru with our corporate partner Garnet Hill. 

For nearly 30 years, Garnet Hill has worked with like-minded organizations to improve communities and better peoples’ lives. They are now providing an opportunity to send one lucky person and a guest to Peru to see Heifer’s work firsthand on the trip of a lifetime. You have until March 12th at 11:59 p.m. to enter Pass on the Gift with Garnet Hill.

So how do you Pass on the Gift in Peru? Check out our how-to enter blog here. 

Learn more about this amazing opportunity from Garnet Hill.

Note: The above link will take you to Garnet Hill’s website in a new window.

Double Your Impact In Guatemala

Double your impact on hunger now! Thanks to a generous benefactor and international partners, your donation to Heifer International will be matched dollar-for-dollar during March to support food security, better nutrition and women’s empowerment in Guatemala.

Double your impact for people like Virginia Jimenez Mateo, who knows firsthand how women living in rural areas can become isolated and marginalized. She lives in the remote village of Laguna Verde, Guatemala, with her husband Mauricio and their seven sons.

Virginia Jimenez Mateo, Guatemala

Photo by Russell Powell, courtesy of Heifer International

Before joining a Heifer project in 2007, Virginia seldom left her house since women do most of the farm labor and household chores. She rarely had the opportunity to get to know other women in her community apart from church activities. “The only time I left my house was to go to church and back,” she said.

Virginia primarily prepared beans, steamed broccoli or carrots for meals. They had to buy eggs from their neighbors and could only afford meat twice a month. She recalls that 14-year-old Mario had stomach problems.

Since joining the project, she has received training along with 10 chickens in 2007 and a goat in 2011. She especially likes Passing on the Gift®. “It would be hard for me to save enough money to repay a goat, but when mine (kid born on February 14, 2012) is big enough I can pass it on,” she said, having already passed on the gift of chickens in 2008.

Heifer’s training improved life in the community. Training provided opportunities for the local women to get to know each other. “No one can take away the knowledge we received,” she said. Thanks to the gender training, the men have started participating. With more help around the house, Virginia’s family started to thrive.

Edwin Gonzalez Jimenez, Guatemala

“Part of the training was teaching my children than they can do anything a woman can do,” Virginia said.
Photo by Russell Powell, courtesy of Heifer International

The biggest benefit for her family, Virginia said, was their improved diet and nutrition. They raise their own chickens, so they no longer have to buy eggs and can now afford to buy meat once a week. “Now we have more variety,” she said. She noticed that they aren’t as sick as before. She credits drinking goat’s milk for her improved health and less aches in her joints.

Better nutrition means her sons have more energy to focus on their school work. Miguel, age 19, and Carlos, age 16, received scholarships to attend a Catholic school. “The knowledge and ethics they are receiving are important,” she said.

This kind of impact happens every day in Heifer projects. Stretch your dollar this month and double your impact to help provide the training and livestock needed by families like Virginia’s to help put more food on the table.

To maximize this match, we need to raise at least $831,000 from generous supporters like you.

Click here to donate.

Double Your Donation to End Malnutrition in Honduras and Guatemala

Right now, the rate of malnutrition in Central America is staggering. In the Alta Verapaz region of Guatemala, 60 percent of the population suffers from chronic or acute malnutrition. Six out of 10 children struggle with malnutrition in the Lempira region of Honduras. These communities face an infant mortality rate of 28 deaths for every 1,000 births. That’s almost five times worse than the United States. But, we can do something about it.

During the month of March, your gift to Heifer International can be matched dollar-for-dollar thanks to a generous benefactor and international partners, every dollar raised for three new projects in Honduras and Guatemala will be doubled. Stretch your dollar further and double your impact to help provide the training and livestock needed by families to help put more food on the table.

Cary Rubelse and Eduardo Najera Gonzalez, Guatemala

Cary Rubelse and Eduardo Najera Gonzalez can drink goat’s milk to increase their nutrition.
Photo by Russell Powell, courtesy of Heifer International

In Honduras, Heifer is working alongside communities in Lempira to improve health and nutritional food security by 2016. Training in areas like micro-enterprise initiatives, gender equity and sustainable farming practices will help improve production and full inclusion in the community. Farming and income diversification will be impacted by the placement of cows, goats, poultry and bees.

Heifer has started two projects in the Alta Verapaz region of Guatemala to help families to produce more on their family farms through the use of stronger livestock, seeds and improved agroecology.

Gifts of livestock and training provide improved nutrition and additional family income along with the chance for vulnerable children to grow up healthy and strong. In addition, these kids will have the opportunity to break the cycle of poverty by attending school.

Elmer and Lisbe Gonzalez

Elmer and Lisbe Gonzalez now have the opportunity to attend school.
Photo by Russell Powell, courtesy of Heifer International.

In order to maximize this March match, we need to raise at least $831,000 by generous supporters like you. These projects cannot move forward without your help. Right now, any gift made to this project will be matched dollar-for-dollar. Click here to find out more or to donate.

Pass on the Gift in Peru with Garnet Hill and Heifer

Pass on the Gift in Peru

For nearly 30 years, Garnet Hill has worked with like-minded organizations to improve communities and better peoples’ lives. And for nearly 70 years, Heifer International has worked with communities around the world to end hunger and poverty and care for the Earth. It is this shared desire to strengthen communities, at home and abroad, that forged the partnership between the distinguished catalog merchandiser and the global humanitarian organization.

In 2009 Garnet Hill asked their customers’ opinion on what charitable initiative they would choose to support. The number one choice was the elimination of hunger, and Heifer became the natural choice. With their customers’ generous support, Garnet Hill has made significant contributions to Heifer’s work around the world.

Now, Garnet Hill has developed a promotion to send one lucky person and a guest to Peru to see Heifer’s work firsthand on the trip of a lifetime — while also making a difference in the lives of others. Work hand in hand with Heifer International to foster sustainable development in the ancient Incan Empire capital of Cuzco, and learn about the country’s colorful culture through exclusive guided tours.

Learn more about an amazing opportunity from Garnet Hill.

Note: The above link will take you to Garnet Hill’s website in a new window.

Let’s Talk… Coffee Rust

As I have mentioned before, coffee has long been a part of my life– as a Guatemalan, as an agronomist, as a coffee drinker and now, as a member of an organization that is working with small-holder coffee farmers in Central and South America.

One of the most persistent problems that has plagued coffee plants and coffee farmers throughout this period of my life (and long before that, too) is la roya de cafe or coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix). Coffee rust is a rapidly spreading fungus that infects the foliage of a coffee tree. Spores are spread by wind or rain and germinate after a day or two of continuous rain. Coffee originally comes from eastern Africa, and this is also where the coffee rust co-evolved with the plant.

Since the beginning, coffee rust has followed the coffee plant aggressively. Eventually, it found its way to Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), which was the world’s hot spot for growing coffee in the 1800s. By 1869, coffee rust had destroyed the coffee industry in Ceylon. Subsequently, coffee prices went up. And this is when Latin America came to prominence in the coffee trade. The next year, several Latin American countries, including Guatemala, invested heavily in coffee, betting that it would become a major export commodity to the extent that some countries provided free land for those who wanted to grow coffee.

Feliciana, 26, holds coffee near her home in the village of Tuiboch in Huehuetenango, Guatemala. Photo by Russell Powell, courtesy of Heifer International.

Feliciana Martin, 26, holds coffee near her home in the village of Tuiboch in Huehuetenango, Guatemala. Photo by Russell Powell, courtesy of Heifer International.

They were right; coffee did become a major export commodity. And for a century, Latin America produced coffee without a trace of the coffee rust fungus. But in 1970, the fungus finally landed in the area, via Brazil. The rest of the Latin American countries fought tooth and nail to contain the coffee rust and stop its spread, but the effort was nearly impossible. One little pustule of coffee rust on a leaf can create 150,000 spores. By the time I began my studies as an agronomist in 1977, those spores had spread to Guatemala and the rest of Latin America.

Back then, the world planned on eradicating coffee rust just like smallpox had been eradicated. But a plant fungus is not the same as a human disease, so coffee rust can’t be fought like smallpox. Chemical fungicides were and are often used to fight rust, but this is just a short-term fix; it’s not sustainable. Additionally, fungicides can lead to chemical intoxication in coffee farmers.

A long-term solution is to coexist with the fungus using natural techniques. For instance, coffee farmers can manage the amount of shade their coffee plants receive or use organic fertilizers to enhance the nutrition the plants get from the soil to mitigate the effects of coffee rust. One of the great things about these solutions is that they are knowledge based instead of money based. That is to say, farmers only need knowledge to turn local, available resources into solutions. Small-holder farmers are empowered to solve their problems, and the solutions aren’t dependent on the amount of money available.

These local, long-term, knowledge-based solutions are what Heifer promotes and implements in our projects. Unfortunately, these solutions are needed now even more than usual. Coffee rust has been particularly devastating to Central America this season due to unusually high rainfall that is often attributed to climate change.

In Honduras, Guatemala and Nicaragua, the three countries where Heifer works in Central America, 20-40 percent of all coffee plants are affected by la roya del cafe, and the coffee yields are decreasing by up to 40 percent. This obviously reduces household income, and it forces some farmers and their families to eat less food and less nutritious food while sometimes borrowing money to do so.

Marina Concepcion Hernandez, 37, holds Katherine Michelle Mejia Aguilar, 2, as the two inspect coffee plants in the village of Arenales in Honduras.

Marina Concepcion Hernandez, 37, holds Katherine Michelle Mejia Aguilar, 2, as the two inspect coffee plants in the village of Arenales in Honduras. Photo by Russell Powell, courtesy of Heifer International.

So what can be done in such a dire situation? Heifer is already working to help coffee farmers in Central America become more resilient. With the support of Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, Heifer International is diversifying the income and nutrition of about 3,000 coffee farming families through animal resources, other crops and training. The idea is that farmers won’t have to rely solely on coffee to support their families, so that when coffee rust becomes a serious problem or when los meses flacos (the thin months) arrive, income can still be generated, and food can still be put on the table. In the near future, Heifer plans to become more involved in improving the technical aspects of coffee production (like soil improvement and shade management techniques) in addition to the diversification processes in place.

Growing coffee is a long-term investment for farmers, and hardships like an increase in coffee rust can threaten that investment and all the work that goes into it. At Heifer, we are investing in small-holder farmers so that they can continue to move into self-reliance and beyond.

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Hablemos sobre… la Roya del Café

Como mencioné antes, el café ha sido parte de mi vida desde hace tiempo – como Guatemalteco, como agrónomo, como bebedor de café y ahora, como miembro de una organización que trabaja con pequeños agricultores de café en América Central y del Sur.

Uno de los problemas más constantes que ha molestado las plantas de café y a los agricultores de café durante este periodo de mi vida (y mucho antes también) es la roya de café (Hemileia vastatrix). La roya del café es un hongo de fácil propagación que infecta el follaje de la planta del café. Las esporas se esparcen mediante el viento o la lluvia y germinan después de uno o dos días de lluvia continua. El café proviene originalmente del este de África, y es donde también la roya del café se ha co-desarrollado con la planta.

Desde el principio la roya del café ha perseguido agresivamente a las plantas de café. Al final, encontró su camino a Ceylon (ahora Sri Lanka), que era la zona caliente del cultivo del café en los años 80. En 1869 la roya del café había destruido la industria del café en Ceylon. Subsecuentemente, los precios del café subieron. Y es en este momento cuando América Latina se volvió prominente en el comercio del café. Al año siguiente, varios países latinoamericanos, incluyendo Guatemala, invirtieron mucho en café, apostando que se convertiría en un gran producto de exportación, hasta el punto que algunos países proporcionaron tierras libres para aquellos que quisiesen cultivar café.

Tenían razón; el café se convirtió en un gran producto de exportación. Y durante un siglo, América Latina produjo café sin rastro de la roya del café. Pero en 1970 el hongo finalmente aterrizó en el área, vía Brasil. El resto de los países de América Latina lucharon con uñas y dientes para contener la roya del café y detener su propagación, pero fue casi imposible. Una pequeña pústula de roya del café en una hoja puede crear 150,000 esporas. Cuando comencé mis estudios como agrónomo en 1977, estas esporas se habían esparcido a Guatemala y al resto de América Latina.

En aquella época, el mundo planeó erradicar la roya del café como se había erradicado la viruela. Pero un hongo en las plantas no es lo mismo que una enfermedad humana, por lo que la roya del café no puede ser combatida como la viruela. Los fungicidas químicos eran y son a menudo empleados para combatir la roya, pero esto es solo una solución a corto plazo; no es sostenible. Además, los fungicidas pueden generar intoxicación química para los agricultores de café.

Una solución a largo plazo es coexistir con el hongo usando técnicas naturales. Por lo tanto, los agricultores de café pueden controlar la cantidad de sombra que sus plantas reciben usando fertilizantes orgánicos para aumentar la nutrición que las plantas reciben de la tierra, para mitigar los efectos de la roya del café. Un aspecto fabuloso de estas soluciones es que están basadas en el conocimiento, en vez de estar basadas en el dinero. Es decir, los agricultores solo necesitan conocimiento para convertir recursos locales y disponibles en soluciones. Se empodera a los pequeños agricultores para resolver sus problemas, y las soluciones no dependen de la cantidad de dinero disponible. Estas soluciones locales a largo plazo y basadas en conocimiento es lo que Heifer promueve e implementa en nuestros proyectos. Desafortunadamente, estas soluciones se necesitan ahora, incluso más de lo normal. La roya del café ha sido particularmente devastadora para América Central, un 20 al 40 por ciento de todas las plantas de café están afectadas por ésta, y las cosechas de café está disminuyendo hasta un 40 por ciento. Esto obviamente reduce el ingreso del hogar y fuerza a algunos agricultores y a sus familias a comer menos y menos alimentos nutritivos, incluso a veces tomando prestado dinero para poder hacerlo.

Entonces, ¿qué puede hacerse en está terrible situación? Heifer ya está trabajando para ayudar a que los agricultores de café en América Central se vuelvan más resistentes. Con el apoyo de Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, Heifer International está diversificando el ingreso y nutrición de alrededor de 3,000 familias agricultoras de café, mediante recursos animales, otro tipo de cosechas y capacitaciones. La idea es que los agricultores no tengan que depender exclusivamente del café para mantener a sus familias, para que cuando la roya del café se vuelva un problema serio o cuando los “meses flacos” lleguen, se pueda todavía generar ingresos y los alimentos lleguen a la mesa. En un futuro cercano, Heifer planea involucrarse más en el mejoramiento de los aspectos técnicos de la producción del café (como el mejoramiento de la tierra y técnicas de manejo de sombra) además de los procesos de diversificación ya en curso.

Cultivar café es una inversión a largo plazo para los agricultores, y las dificultades como un incremento de la roya del café puede amenazar esa inversión y todo el trabajo que conlleva. En Heifer estamos invirtiendo en pequeños agricultores para que puedan seguir avanzando hacia la auto-suficiencia y más allá.

Heifer Haiti Trains Animal Workers

Yesterday morning, Heifer Haiti began a second round of training for 23 new Community Animal Health Workers (CAHWs, commonly called vet agents in Haiti) for the northern and Central Plateau regions. A total of 60 CAHWs will be trained by the end of June 2013 for Heifer’s Rural Entrepreneurs for Agricultural Cooperation in Haiti (REACH) program.

Heifer Haiti

Training candidates pose for a group photo. Photo courtesy of Heifer International.

These 23 candidates will receive three weeks of intensive training in animal care and will return home to practice for a period of two-to-three months. Later they will return for the final phase of the training, which will last another two-to-three weeks. Upon successful completion of the training, they will receive an official certificate from the government of Haiti, through the Ministry of Agriculture, which will authorize them to work as vet agents anywhere in the country.

The remaining candidates will be trained in April and May of this year.

Read recent blog posts about Heifer’s REACH program here, and visitwww.heifer.org/reachout to give directly to this groundbreaking program.